The Auditorium Building. The Auditorium Building is an immense structure with a Romanesque facade and organic ornamental design throughout the interior of the building. The shape of the theatre space itself does a great deal to contribute to the perfect acoustics of the Auditorium Theatre. The analysis of the structure is to be done using STAAD Pro software. The Auditorium Theatre was one of the first theatres to be both heated and air conditioned, allowing it to function year-round. The firm's first real success was the 1889 Auditorium Building in Chicago, a massive multi-use opera house whose exterior design was influenced by the Romanesque Revival work of architect H. H. Richardson and whose interiors were largely the … Today, all of the hydraulic pistons have been removed and the stage has three functioning electronic lifts in the orchestra pit. Combining new technology and capital, the firm of Adler and Sullivan revolutionized architecture in the years between two great commissions: Chicago’s 1889 Auditorium Building and St. Louis’s 1891 Wainwright Building. The 70-acre project was the largest building program undertaken by the government to t… Other resolutions: 278 × 240 pixels | 556 × 480 pixels | 890 × 768 pixels | 1,187 × 1,024 pixels | 4,258 × 3,675 pixels. The 10-story Wainwright Building in St. Louis is the most important skyscraper designed by Sullivan. Built in 1888 on the northwest corner of Congress and Michigan, it combines Dankmar Adler's engineering ingenuity with Louis Sullivan's architectural virtuosity. We are using limit state method for design of various members. Construction Cost Estimates for Auditorium in National, US. Adler planned for this by designing the building to be constructed with a combination of flexible wrought iron beams and sturdy cast iron columns, allowing the building to have some flexibility and give. The developer, Ferdinand Wythe Peck, was committed to bolstering the state of the arts in Chicago. This technique, called compression and expansion, was frequently used by the later famous architect and young draftsman on the Auditorium Theatre Frank Lloyd Wright. The air was then heated or cooled in the basement before it was pumped into the theatre through ornamental plaster domes located throughout the theatre. Additionally, Adler needed to consider the 17-story tower (seven stories taller than the rest of the structure) over one section of the Auditorium’s south side. Auditorium Building (interior) The Auditorium is one of Chicago's architectural masterpieces. Analisis de "Auditorium Building" El teatro auditorio fue la primera obra que Sullivan realizó junto con Danmark Adler. Continuity and unity are keynotes of Richardson’s style. As was common in the 1880s, the architects knew some settlement would occur. The Auditorium Theatre’s main entrance, three large stone arches facing south on Ida B Wells Drive, rests at the base of the building’s impressive seventeen story tower (once the tallest in Chicago). We use cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. See more ideas about auditorium, architecture, auditorium design. This unequal settlement could potentially cause structural damage. This floor system allowed the theatre to be used as a ballroom or a banquet hall, as well as a space for indoor softball games, tennis matches, and more. Chicago was notorious for its wet and unstable soil. The outside of the Auditorium is emblematic of the Chicago School and has often been compared to a fortress: massive, powerful, and bold. “…the arrangement of electric lamps, in great stars, suspended from the roof and walls of the house…” In Chicago’s colder months, the air was drawn into the theatre and washed with sprays of water, humidified and forced over hot radiators before being circulated into all areas of the theatre. The theatre was designed with multiple elements that allowed the theatre to change size, shape, and purpose. As Adler anticipated, each pier sank gradually into the wet soil as the weight of the building was applied to it. Completed in 1889, the building is located at the northwest corner of South Michigan Avenue and Congress Street (now Congress Parkway). Auditorium Building Commentary "The Auditorium was built for a syndicate of businessmen to house a large civic opera house; to provide an economic base it was decided to wrap the auditorium with a hotel and office block. Adler and Sullivan chose thick plaster for the Auditorium’s interior surfaces because it was moderately resonant and reflective, supporting clear amplification without distracting reverberation. Gas lighting had been the cause of many devastating theatre fires, and in 1883 the Chicago Citizens’ Association recommended that theatres switch to electricity. Form follows function. The ice was crushed, salted, and placed in large holding vats. The orchestra lift was originally comprised of platforms. designing an auditorium building. By 1888, while most Chicago theaters used electric lighting, the Auditorium’s system was the largest and most innovative. On this floating foundation, Adler placed his rubble and stone pyramid footings and isolated piers. Verdun Auditorium / FABG Dankmar Adler designed the Auditorium’s foundation as a unique configuration of isolated piers, each created to support a portion of the building’s 110,000 tons. Louis Sullivan’s Auditorium Building focuses on the duality between the exterior structure and the interior theatre. The Auditorium Theatre is a National Historic Landmark known internationally for its perfect acoustics, innovative architecture, and stunning design. Adler elevated seats by about 15 inches every two rows. Influences for the Auditorium Theatre acoustics include The Mormon Tabernacle in Salt Lake City, Utah; the synagogues that Adler’s father (a rabbi and cantor) worked at throughout his lifetime; ancient Roman and Greek theaters; and John Scott Russell’s theory of isacoustic curve. Part of the parquet or orchestra level (the area closest to the stage) could be covered with temporary floors to transform the theatre into the city’s largest ballroom. The air intake was located south of the stage. Hence Adler & Sullivan had to plan a complex multiple-use building. The rolling backdrop canvas was a large half-circle canvas roll (300 ft long x 70 ft tall) that stretched across the back and sides of the stage, showing panoramas of the sky. York Comprehensive High School York, South Carolina, USA DESIGN FIRM: LS3P. This information has been generally organized under Uniformat headings. The materials that make up the exterior of the building were changed after the building’s foundations were in place from terra cotta to granite and limestone. Curtains were also lowered between pillars on the first balcony, closing off the back half of this seating. Perhaps it was an idea that germinated with the Auditorium's distinct multiple uses; why can't the outside of a building reflect different activities within the building? His 1891 Wainwright Building suggested a visual design form to skyscrapers; the idea that exterior form should change with the function of interior space. The extra weight was then removed as it was replaced by the weight of the completed tower. The materials that make up the theatre’s interior were carefully chosen to allow for both acoustic and aesthetic perfection. In 1889, the Auditorium Building was the tallest, largest, and heaviest building in Chicago. Louis Sullivan began preliminary sketches in 1886, and the building was completed in 1890, costing $3,200,000. The soil beneath the Auditorium consists of soft blue clay to a depth of over 100 feet, which made the conventional foundations of the 1800s impossible. This changed the seating capacity of the theatre from 4,200 to 2,500 for smaller events. Items marked with a 5 have a space-related cost impact on the building shell and core. The theatre holds 3,500 electric clear glass carbon filament bulbs which arch across the ceiling and the balcony, and surround the audience. Adler included a large number of seats in two sections on the main floor: the parquet near the stage (now called the Gold Circle) and the parquet circle (now called the Dress Circle) farther back. Nov 7, 2020 - Explore Viki Mo's board "Auditorium", followed by 137 people on Pinterest. Crowning Campus Achievements The 98,000 SF structural steel and metal framed complex includes a 500-seat, 14,000 SF theater with orchestra pit, a school library, and an historic museum. When the Auditorium Theatre opened in 1889, the top two galleries could be completely hidden by the use of large hinged ceiling panels. In 1889, 26 hydraulic lifts were located beneath the Auditorium Theatre’s huge stage. Today, the carbon bulbs are special ordered from a company in Glen Ellyn, IL. Air drawn in from the theatre’s south side intake was sprayed clean and cooled by forcing the air across the vats of crushed ice. The Republican National Convention of June, 1888, was held in the theater, and the finished building was dedicated by President Harrison during the holidays of 1889-90. Additional technology for on-stage transformations included a 95-foot rigging loft, a rolling backdrop canvas, and a thunder-making device, among others. Size of this preview: 695 × 600 pixels. The bottom three floors of the building were made of large rough-cut blocks of dark granite stone while the remaining seven floors and the tower above are made of lighter limestone. The ceiling arches crescendo in height from the stage outward while they contain the sound and reflect it back down into the audience. The years around 1890 still stand out as the period when the modern skyscraper was born in the cities of Chicago and St. Louis. Several features of the Auditorium specifically designed for fire safety include the usage of plaster material instead of wood materials for the walls and ceilings of the theatre, stone walls for the exterior of the building, and a large number of narrow aisles (rather than fewer wide aisles) and tunnel-like passageways (vomitoria or “voms”) leading out of the theatre allowing for a quick and easy egress. Sullivan’s “form follows function” philosophy and love of nature are on display throughout, and Peck’s democratic values were taken into consideration when designing the theatre itself. auditorium architecture and design. It was also designated a Chicago City Landmark on September 15, 1976. Designed and constructed between 1887 and 1889, the Auditorium Building housed a theater, offices, and hotel. Adler modified the lifts, allowing them to be quicker and more precise than previous systems. Costs are derived from a building model that assumes basic components, using union labor for a 24000 square foot building. In 1889, the Auditorium Building was the tallest, largest, and heaviest building in Chicago. The building, which when constructed was the largest in the United States and the tallest in Chicago, was designed to be a multi-use complex, … The idea for the Auditorium Theatre began with a Chicago businessman named Ferdinand Wythe Peck. As a young apprentice, Frank Lloyd Wright worked on some of the interior design. All Rights Reserved. The plaster surfaces were additionally broken up with decorative molding so that reflections from the smooth surfaces would not cause echoes. Every interior element has been carefully considered, contributing to outstanding acoustics and amplified sound: the positioning of the seats, the materials on the walls, and the ceiling’s configuration. 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