At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. Thus, when Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. William Henry Perkin was born on March 12,1838, in London, England. Although Perkin’s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet. Not to be outdone, England’s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. William Henry Perkin was born on March 12,1838, in London, England. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. 2 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry. 5 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America. 8    Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?8, 9    What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?9, 10    What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?10, 11    What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?11, 12    In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?12, 13    According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?13. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Read the passage below and answer questions 1 – 13. At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. 7 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur. 6 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry. Please Submit to view your score, solution and explanations. Perkin went back to the drawing board. would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria. Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly. Please descibe the mistake as details as possible along with your expected correction, leave your email so we can contact with you when needed. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather's home that solidified the young man`s enthusiasm for chemistry. As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product. 4 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited by product of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. William Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country. It was against this backdrop that Perkin’s discovery was made. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune. Read the question carefully and try to answer as many questions as possible. The Academic passage ‘William Henry Perkin’ is a reading passage that appeared in an IELTS Test. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage? Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly that in society at the time only the rich could afford it. 1 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry. TRUE    if the statement agrees with the information, FALSE    if the statement contradicts the information, NOT GIVEN    if there is no information on this. Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. * This window is to review your answers only, you cannot change the answers in here. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. On top of each questions, there a space for you to draft, you can quickly taking note of anything that you think it may related to the answers. Describe what is wrong with the practice test: Thank you! During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on the top floor of his family’s house. With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour fabric, thus making it the world’s first synthetic dye. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early interests in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry. 3 TRUEFALSENOT GIVEN    Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant. Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. We will get back to you shortly. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15. He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. William Henry Perkin was born on March 12,1838, in London, England. You can resize Reading Text and Question columns by dragging the grip to suite your needs, Review your questions before submitting to avoid unfortunate mistakes by clicking the. Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859) and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. photography, and engineering. Remember to transfer them to the answer boxes. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he became Hofmann’s youngest assistant.

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